Note that domestic payments were unaffected, because Russia has spend the last eight years developing the National Card Payment System (NSPK) to process card transactions. Visa and Mastercard were forced on to these rails a few years ago, a policy that I am sure has not gone unnoticed in some other jurisdictions concerned about the position of American networks in the critical infrastructure of their economies.
(The Russian domestic debit scheme, Mir, runs on these rails too. Mir was launched in 2015 after three options were considered for the scheme — using UnionPay, opening up the Sberbank network or creating the new system.)